下面是小编为大家整理的2023英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练【精选推荐】,供大家参考。
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练1
Napoleon famously described the British as a nation of shopkeepers. These days it would be equally true to describe them as a nation of shoppers. Either way, London is the UK’s shopping mecca; if you can’t find it here you probably can’t find it at all.
Some London shops are more or less tourist attractions in their own right. Few visitors come away without popping into Harrods, even if only to gawp. This famous store is a real one-off. The toilets are fab, the food hall enough to make you swoon, and if they haven’t got what you want, it probably doesn’t exist. No other store has such a sense of sheer, outrageous abundance. Since Absolutely Fabulous brought Edina and Patsy steaming onto our screens, Harvey Nichols (’Harvey Nicks’) has become another must-see attraction. It boasts a great food hall, an extravagant perfume department and jewellery to save up for. But with all the big names from Miyake to Lauren, Hammett to Calvin Klein and a whole floor of up-to-the-minute menswear, it’s fashion that Harvey Nichols does better than the rest. The selection is unrivalled and the prices high, although the sales offer some great bargains, and the store’s own clothing line is reasonable.
Carnaby Street still reeks of the 60s although it’s had something of a revival since the ’Cool Britannia’ kick brought Union Jack dresses back into fashion. The last punks have long since slunk away from Chelsea’s King’s Rd but there are still plenty of interesting shops slotted in amid the high-street chains.
The shops and stalls inside the old Covent Garden market building tend to be pricey and tourist-oriented, while the streets running off it remain a happy hunting ground for shoppers, with Neal St and Neal’s Yard in particular offering a range of interesting one-off shops.
Oxford St and classier Regent St come into their own in the six weeks running up to Christmas when they’re festooned with lights. At other times of the year Oxford St can be a great disappointment. Selfridge’s is up there with Harrods as a place to visit and the flagship Marks & Spencer at the Marble Arch end has its fans, but the farther east you go the tackier and less interesting it becomes.
Although most things can be bought in most parts of town, there are also streets with their own specialities; Tottenham Court R& for example, is one long electrical goods shop (watch out for tip-offs though), while Charing Cross Rd is still the place to come for offbeat books.
Many tourist attractions have excellent shops, selling good-quality souvenirs like mugs, pens, pencils, stationery and T-shirts, often with themes to match their content (war books and videos at the Imperial War Museum). By buying from these shops you help contribute towards the building’s maintenance, especially important in the cases of those without entry charges.
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练扩展阅读
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展1）
——四级英语翻译训练题3篇
四级英语翻译训练题1
请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
丽江古城有800多年的历史，曾经是茶马古道(the old tea horse road)上的一个贸易集结点(confluence)。丽江因其有序的水道和桥梁系统而闻名。丽江古城在建筑、历史及其原住民纳西族(the Naxi people)的文化传统方面不同于*其他古城。古城沿山脉和河流而建，为我们提供了一个研究古代建筑的非常珍贵的样本。独特的地理位置、历史背景以及多民族的居民，都使丽江成为最特别的古城之一。
参考译文：
The old town of Lijiang has a history of more than 800 years and was once a confluence for trade along the old tea horse road.It is famous for its orderly system of waterways and bridges.The old town of Lijiang differs from other ancient Chinese cities in architecture, history and the culture tradition of its local residents-the Naxi people.The town is built along mountains and rivers, providing us a very precious sample of the research on the old-time architecture. The unique geographical location, historical background and multiracial inhabitants make it one of the most special old towns.
词句点拨
1.丽江因其有序的水道和桥梁系统而闻名:“因...而闻名”可用be famous for...表示。
2.丽江古城在建筑、历史及其原住民纳西族的文化传统方面不同于*其他古城:“原住民纳西族”可译为local residents-the Naxi people。
3.古城沿山脉和河流而建，为我们提供了一个研究古代建筑的"非常珍贵的样本:“沿山脉和河流”可译为along mountains and rivers。
四级英语翻译训练题2
请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
苏州是*著名的"园林城市(city of gardens)",在园林数量和艺术性上都远胜于其他城市。苏州的因林艺术有1500年的历史。14世纪到20世纪之间的明淸时期是其园林建筑的货金时期。这座城市里曾经有超过200家私人园林。它们中的一些今天仍然保存良好。这些园林的独特魅力使它们在1997年被列人世界文化遗产名录(the list of World Cultural Heritage)。
参考译文：
Suzhou is China s well-known city of gardens，which tops all other cities in both the number and the artistry of gardens. Suzhou"s art of gardening has undergone a history of 1,500 years. The Ming and Qing Dynasties between the 14th and 20th century were its prime periods of garden building. At one time there were more than 200 private gardens in the city. A lot of them are still preserved in good condition today. The unique charm of these gardens has led to their entry into the list of World Cultural Heritage in 1997.
词句点拨
1.14世纪到20世纪之间的明清时期是其因林建筑的黄金时期:“明清时期”可译为the Ming and Qing Dynasties。
2.它们中的一些今天仍然保存良好:“保存良好”可译为be preserved in good condition。
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展2）
——英语翻译考试口译专题训练
英语翻译考试口译专题训练1
欧洲是交响乐之乡，也是歌剧之乡，是许多杰出作曲家的摇篮。中国也有歌剧，那就是京剧。京剧起源于200年前清朝时期的北京。京剧是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。我们的服装展览会将展示这个“东方歌剧”历时200年的.发展史，以及源自清朝后期的舞台服饰。
Europe is the home to symphonic music and also home to opera. It has been a cradle of many brilliant music composers. China has opera, too. That"s Peking Opera, which originated from Beijing some 200 years ago during the Qing Dynasty. It"s a performing art that embraces opera performance, singing, music, dancing and martial arts. The costume exposition will present 200 years of development of this "Oriental Opera" and the performance costumes dating to the late Qing Dynasty.
服饰设计采用了夸张性和象征性的手法，色彩明亮鲜艳，用料独特，裁剪别致。另一场展览将展出600套服饰，其中有秦汉以来不同朝代的古装，有我国少数民族服装，也有现代服饰。我国的名模将登台表演，展示我国服装业和服装设计师的成就。
The costume design adopted exaggeration and symbolic means and bright colors. The materials are unique, so are the tailoring skills. Another exhibition will display a total of 600 sets of clothes, including the ancient clothes of different dynasties from the Qin and Han, the costumes of China"s ethnic groups, and modern garments and accessories. Famous models from China will participate to present the achievements of the Chinese garment industry and Chinese designers.
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展3）
——英语翻译考试三级口译预测押题
英语翻译考试三级口译预测押题1
For university graduates， it is always not so easy to find a good job. They often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all， or at best， an impersonal note ① is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled.
Applicants often have the suspicion that vacancies are taken up by friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out for show②。 Many of them are tired of writing around③ and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success.
难点提示：
①无人情味的，冷淡的
②装样子
③到处写信
参考译文：
对于大学毕业生来说，找到一份好工作始终不是件那么容易的事情。他们常常弄不懂为什么那么多的雇主不答复他们的求职信。他们说虽然附上了回信的"信封，他们却只字未闻，或至多收到一张不冷不热的便条，宣布他们申请的那个职位已有人填补了。
求职应聘者常常怀疑空缺是不是给朋友和亲属们占去了，怀疑广告只不过是登一登摆摆样子的。他们中的很多人厌倦了到处投求职信，他们觉得只要能够碰对人，获得一次面试的机会，他们的求职申请就会成功。
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展4）
——英语翻译方法5篇
英语翻译方法1
一、增补法
有些英语字句如果照字面的意思翻译，意念是不完整的，必须根据意义、修辞或句法的需要增补一些汉语，才能更加忠实于原文，使原文的思想更完整地再现。
例如：We need clean air, but unfortunately, air pollution is generally present, especially in cities.
我们需要清新的空气，但遗憾的是，空气污染普遍存在，在城市中尤其如此。
[分析]本句为了避免“尤其是在城市里”的表达不完整，增加了“如此”。
二、词类转译法
由于英语和汉语是两中悬殊甚大的不同的语言体系，所以在语言结构与表达方式上都存在很大的差异，这就要求我们对原文中的一些词语的词性进行转化(如：动词转化为名词，形容词转化为名词等)，才能使译文畅通。例如：
The modern world is experiencing rapid development of science and technology.
当今世界的科学技术正在迅速地发展。
[分析]将句中的形容词rapid转译为汉语中的副词。
三、省译法
由于英语和汉语在用词和语法结构上的差异，原文中的某些词如果直译出来会使译文显得累赘，不符合汉语的表达习惯。在这种情况下，就要省略一些冠词、代词、介词或连词等省去不译，但是不能影响原文的意义表达。例如：
There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.
天未下雪，但叶落草枯。
[分析]在汉语中“叶落”的概念非常清楚，所以省译了from the trees.
四、顺译法
也就是说按照英语表达的层次顺序，依次翻译英语句子，从而使译文与英语原文的顺序基本一致。例如：
He could see that she had been patient all her life, so that now, after years of it, her lips were set in a gentle and saintly smile.
他看得出，她一生含辛茹苦，如今苦尽甘来，嘴边总是带着温柔、圣洁的微笑。
[分析]英语句子的顺序，从意思上讲，与汉语句子的顺序是一致的。
五、逆译法
也就是对于句子结构复杂的英语句子，可以先翻译全句的后部，在依次向前逆序翻译前面的句子。例如：
It is our task to build up a nuclear power station somewhere by the end of this year.
我们的任务是于今年年底在某地建成一座原子能发电站。
[分析]翻译英语里面的一系列状语时，必须按照时间状语、地点状语和方式状语的顺序汉语习惯表达习惯来组织语句。
六、分译法
也就是采取化整为零的方法将整个英语长句翻译为几个独立的句子，顺序基本不变，前后保持连贯。例如：
At the meeting decision was made to transfer a part of the students to another school.
会议上作出一项决定，把一部分学生转到另一所学校去。
[分析]本句的主语的后置定语比较长，而谓语很短，为了使句子结构匀称，避免头重脚轻的现象，就把后面的不定式与主句分开翻译了。
七、综合法
也就是说翻译时经过仔细推敲，或按照时间先后，或按照逻辑顺序，有顺有逆、有主有次地对全句进行综合处理，英语和汉语的字面意思不完全对应，但是内涵是相同的。
例如：One can perhaps get a clearer picture of Japan"s acute population pressure by imagining what Switzerland would be like if that small and mountainous country were inhabited by 28 million people instead of the 5.7 million at present.只要设想一下，假若那小小的瑞士居住的人口不是现在的五百七十万，而是两千八百万，瑞士会是什么情景，人民便会清楚地理解日本所面临的人口压力是多么大。
[分析]原文的重点在于One can……population pressure，按照汉语习惯，应该先叙事，后总结，所以翻译时从中间by imagining……入手，最后回到句首，译出One can……。而且汉语句子的意思也有“意译”的成分。
英语翻译方法2
考生在做翻译题时常见困境分析
大部分考生都觉得考研翻译很难，但对难点的认识却各不相同。归纳起来看，主要有以下几种类型：语法知识缺乏型、词汇缺乏型、翻译知识缺乏型和学习态度消极型。
1．语法知识缺乏型的考生一般认为句子结构太复杂，难以理解。按照考研英语大纲的要求，考生需要准确理解结构较复杂的英语文字材料。句子结构是英语大厦的支柱，学会分析句子结构是学好英语的必要前提。
2．词汇缺乏型的考生一般觉得生词太多，放眼望去，茫茫一片，不知所云。按照考研英语大纲的规定，在英译汉中一般不会有超纲词汇出现，尤其是在所需翻译的150词中，可以说95%以上的单词都是考研大纲规定要求掌握的词汇，都应该是各位考生所熟悉的词汇。由此可知，感觉生词多的考生的词汇量极小，语言基础也比较差，需要大幅度增加词汇量，最起码应该先把考研大纲要求的词汇背下来。
3．翻译知识缺乏型的考生一般觉得心理明白却不知如何表达。心里明白，说明基本上认识英文，但不一定真懂原文的意义；写不出来，说明缺乏英译汉的必要技巧或缺乏驾驭汉语表达的能力。一方面，经过一段时间的复习备考之后，考生接触过大量的英文材料，具备了一定的词汇和语法知识，许多单词看起来都很面熟，但事实上离真正掌握和熟练运用的差距还很大。因此，虽然说心里明白，其实只是认识英文，并没有完全读懂原文的意义。另一方面，由于考生*时缺乏翻译练习和实践，缺乏对英汉两种语言差异性的认识，往往“只见英文不见中文”或者“只见中文不见英文”，缺乏必要的翻译知识和技巧，所以就会有写不出来的感 觉。建议这类考生，认真理解、深入学习已经熟悉的词汇和语法知识，多注意英汉表达方式的差异，掌握一些英汉两种语言相互转化的基本方法和技巧，加强翻译实践练习，以进一步提高理解英文和表达译文的能力。
4．态度消极型的考生只知道一个“难”字，“知其难而不知其所以难”。知道难，说明自身知识缺乏；不知道难在哪里，说明态度消极，对此根本不重视。这种考生的学习态度本身就有问题，只有转变态度，认真对待，变消极为积极，才能找到自己的不足之处和差距所在。
把握翻译技巧：拆分、组合轻松搞定英语翻译
翻译作为一门学问，可谓博大精深，要求译者具有较高的语言修养和灵活处理两种语言的能力。但是，任何学问都有一定的规律和一些基本的方法和技巧，英汉翻译也不例外。所以，要做好考研翻译的试题，除了具备一定的词汇量和文化背景知识外，广大考生还必须要掌握一些基本的英译汉的翻译方法和翻译技巧，杨老师提出了一个更加轻松、更加容易掌握、更加实用的应对考研翻译的策略——拆分与组合。它可以让广大考生在有限 的英语基础知识下，突破考研翻译，获得理想的分数。
1.理解拆分句子结构 找出解题突破口
长句、难句、复杂句，句句难懂，这是每一个考生都非常清楚的一点。所以在动手翻译之前，必须要把英语原文看懂。理解原文是整个翻译过程的第一步。由于英语语言具有“形合”的特点，就是说，英语的句子无论多么复杂，都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来。所以，在理解英语句子的时候，理解并拆分句子的语法结构和逻辑结构就这也自然而然的成了解题的突破口。
在考研翻译中的所有句子基本上都是结构复杂的长难句，理清句子结构层次就显得至关重要。在翻译句子之前，先通读全句，注意一边读一边拆分句子的语法结构。怎么拆分呢？有的同学认为自己英语基础知识比较差，对英语句子的语法结构不太理解。没有关系！正因为英语语法结构和逻辑结构比较明显，在理解英语的时候，可以把主句和从句拆分出来，或者把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。基本原则：把主句和从句拆分出来，把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。这样就有助于看清句子结构，进而更好的理解英语原文。同时，还有一个更为重要的目的，就是在拆分的时候，我们了解到了考研翻译的考点和评分点。这才是更重要的！但是，在拆分长难句的过程中，最好不要把单独的一个英语的单词拆分出来，因为如果一个一个单词都拆分出来的话，整个英语句子，就可能会无限制的拆分下去了。
2.改变原文顺序，组合汉语译文
句子拆分后必然有一个如何排列各分句或句子的问题。为了不歪曲或者削弱原句各个成分之间的逻辑联系，同时又照顾到汉语的思维与表达习惯，拆分后的分句或者句子常常必须打乱原来英语句子的顺序，然后进行重新组合。究竟如何改变原文顺序，完全要根据汉 语习惯来安排，但是也是有一定的规律可以遵循的。比如说：
提示：
a)在英语中定语从句总是在所修饰的名词后面，而汉语中定语一般在所修饰的名词之前；
b)但是如果英语的定语从句过于复杂，放在所修饰的名词前，汉语句子会很不通顺，这时就可以把定语从句放在所修饰的名词后面来翻译，独立成为一句话；
c)简短的状语可以放在所修饰的动词前面；
d)复杂的状语从句可以安排在整个句子主干的前面或者后面；
e)在英语中被动句使用很多，而汉语中主动句则使用很多，所以翻译的时候可以少用“被”字句，用别的词来代替“被”字或者转化成主动句等等。
考研翻译中的长难句可以通过简单的“拆分与组合”得出汉语译文。但是，不可忽略了汉语译文的检查。译文检查的最有效的方式是阅读汉语译文，通过阅读就可以知道自己翻译的译文是不是准确而又通顺的汉语。正所谓，“长句难句，一(译)攻即破”。
英语翻译方法3
1.了解直译和意译的差别
考研英语的翻译大部分是以长句为主，我们在翻译的时候要先大体浏览一下我们是否又不认识的词汇，如果没有我们完全可以根据自己的理解直译，如果有的话我们要通过观察前后段落意译句子。
2.知道“增译”的意思
有些英语字句如果照字面的意思翻译，意念是不完整的，必须根据意义、修辞或句法的需要增补一些汉语，才能更加忠实于原文，使原文的思想更完整地再现。例如：
We need clean air, but unfortunately, air pollution is generally present, especially in cities.
我们需要清新的空气，但遗憾的是，空气污染普遍存在，在城市中尤其如此。
[分析] 本句为了避免“尤其是在城市里”的表达不完整，增加了“如此”。
3.理解汉英字句中的重点
一般英语重点在前面，汉语的重点在后面，*时的练习中，我们要不断的提醒自己锻炼英语思维，翻译难题终会迎刃而解。
4.学会使用综合法翻译
也就是说翻译时经过仔细推敲，或按照时间先后，或按照逻辑顺序，有顺有逆、有主有次地对全句进行综合处理，英语和汉语的字面意思不完全对应，但是内涵是相同的。
5.记住特别句型的特别翻译的方法
例如一些名词性从句和动词性从句。
英语翻译方法4
被动是考研英语翻译中的一个重要考点，这一考点其实源于中英两种语言的差异。英语中有时为了突出强调接受动作的人或事物的重要性，通常会用被动来表示，而在汉语中则很少使用被动句式，因此当我们遇到被动结构的英语句子时，不要直接翻译成被动，尽量能把被动转化为主动。
在翻译被动结构之前，我们首先要能辨认出什么样的结构才是被动。总得来说，有两种表现形式，第一 be + V-ed ，这是最直接也是最完整的被动语态的结构;第二n. + V-ed且名词和动词之间构成被动关系，而这种结构通常是动词的过去分词作后置定语。无论哪种形式，我们在翻译被动时采用的方法基本是一样的，具体而言，在考试中主要有三种处理方法。
(一)固定短语
所谓固定短语，即英语中约定俗称的表达，我们汉语也会有约定俗称的译法。比如说：
1)be viewed / regarded / considered as 我们就可以直接译为被视作2)be forced to，可直接译为被迫3)be charged with负责，承担责任;等类似的结构和表达，我们就可以按照约定俗称的说法直接翻译，汉语也经常会有这类说法。
(二)V-ed 后无介词by
我们都知道，在英语句子中，被动一般是由动作的承受者作句子的主语，而动作的发出者通常由介词by连词，置于动词后。但很多情况下，可能会省略by及其之后的名词。对于这类情况，我们翻译时可以保留被动的这种关系，但是要删掉被字或是找到可以代替被的其他词，比如常见的有得到受到遭到由...来为...所等。
【例】it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.
【译】似乎有理由认为文化多样性可以追溯到更为有限的开端。
【析】在这句话中有一个被动语态，be traced to这里我们直接把被字去掉就可以了。
(三)V-ed后有介词by
V-ed后有介词by就意味着动作的发出者已经给出了，对于这种情况，我们被动变主动就可以了，也就是说把A被B怎么样变成B怎么样A。
【例】A fact underlined statistics that show that...
【译】统计数字强调了这一事实，数据显示...
【析】这句话中的被动语态给出了by，动作的发出者是statistics，直接译成统计数字强调了这一事实就可以了，而不需要译成这一事实被统计数字强调。
英语翻译方法5
1.了解直译和意译的差别
考研英语的翻译大部分是以长句为主，我们在翻译的时候要先大体浏览一下我们是否又不认识的词汇，如果没有我们完全可以根据自己的理解直译，如果有的`话我们要通过观察前后段落意译句子。
2.知道“增译”的意思
有些英语字句如果照字面的意思翻译，意念是不完整的，必须根据意义、修辞或句法的需要增补一些汉语，才能更加忠实于原文，使原文的思想更完整地再现。例如：
We need clean air, but unfortunately, air pollution is generally present, especially in cities.
我们需要清新的空气，但遗憾的是，空气污染普遍存在，在城市中尤其如此。
[分析] 本句为了避免“尤其是在城市里”的表达不完整，增加了“如此”。
3.理解汉英字句中的重点
一般英语重点在前面，汉语的重点在后面，*时的练习中，我们要不断的提醒自己锻炼英语思维，翻译难题终会迎刃而解。
4.学会使用综合法翻译
也就是说翻译时经过仔细推敲，或按照时间先后，或按照逻辑顺序，有顺有逆、有主有次地对全句进行综合处理，英语和汉语的字面意思不完全对应，但是内涵是相同的。
5.记住特别句型的特别翻译的方法
例如一些名词性从句和动词性从句。
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展5）
——考研英语翻译有哪些理解原文 (菁选2篇)
考研英语翻译有哪些理解原文1
(1)搞清句子结构，辨别主语和谓语。抓住了句子的主干，各部分之间的从属关系也就看得比较清楚，有益于从整体把握句子。
(2)理解虚拟语气。虚拟语气是英语特有的一种表达方式。它包括对现在、未来、过去的假设，在英语中有多种表现，译成汉语时一定要弄清它的对象和范围，尽量把虚拟的意思传达出来。
(3)搞清楚关系。句中如果有代词，应根据上下文找出其所指代的内容，并将其准确地翻译出来。
(4)明白否定的方式。英语思维的特点也表现在它对否定式的用法上，中国读者往往容易在这里产生错误。例如? All that glitters is not gold.(发光的未必都是金子)在这里是以全部否定的形式来表达部分否定的事实。英语也用双重否定表示肯定，这种现象英语中常见，汉语中并不常见，翻译时需要多加注意。
(5)一词多义。一词多义是很常见的现象。判断词义一定要根据上下文确定其具体的义，不能因为是过去认识的词便不加深究，便草率地按以前的理解翻译而产生错误。如Don’t worry about preparations for this year’s July Fourth parade. Everything is in apple pie order。(别担心今年国庆日*的准备事宜，样样东西都弄妥当了)如按通常的理解以为apple是“苹果”的意思，就出错了。
(6)注意英国英语和美国英语的不同。英美语言之间有很多差异，比如?英国英语中continent指欧洲大陆，而在美语中，continent却指美洲大陆?又如?英语中homely是“家常的、朴素的”的意思，并无贬义，在美语中却是“不漂亮的”。所以翻译时一定要搞清文章是英语作者还是美国作者写的。
(7)成语。成语具有约定俗成的特点，属于语言中较难理解的部分。英语的某些成语具有形象思维的特点，可以和汉语相吻合，比如?Strike the iron as it is hot.(趁热打铁)但有一个成语的含义与我们的理解大相径庭，如?Claw me and I will claw thee.(互相吹捧)所以翻译时一定要小心。
(8)语意的褒贬与轻重。翻译时还要注意词语的感情色彩，即它是褒、是贬，还是中性。这种感情色彩往往表明了作者的主观态度，好恶与爱憎。把握住它对于正确、传神的翻译是非常必要的。有时单凭个别词是难以判断的，还要根据上下文来判断，因为为达到讽刺的目的，作者可能正话反说或反话正说。
(9)注意文章的语体色彩。如果是专业文章，那么术语一定很多，叙述也较客观，少有个人色彩，翻译时应多选用正式的词语。如果是一般的叙述，则可能日常用语较多，小词和短语较多。翻译时也要注意这一点，以此来确定词语的选择。
(10)留心文化背景。中西文化的差异非常明显。比如，中国的亲戚划分非常仔细，而英文中的cousin一词对应的中文可以是表(堂)兄弟(姐妹)，可以有八个词义之多。
考研英语翻译有哪些理解原文2
一、阅读文章基本方法有3种——略读、精读、寻读
略读这种快速阅读方法，能在非常短的`时间内浏览全文获得文章的中心思想和主要事实。精读是仔细阅读每句话，理解分析其含义，弄清句与句之间的逻辑关系，进而理解整个段落的意思。寻读通过目光扫视，迅速确定你所期望得到的信息的位置。
考试中3种基本方法可以用在不同的情况。通过略读，我们可以了解材料的结构安排和主要信息，利用精读我们可以针对考题中的某些信息或难点做具体细致的解析，而寻读则在解题过程中起着一个定位的作用。
二、阅读步骤
第一步：略读短文，把握方向
用尽量短的时间扫视短文，特别留意每段的第一句和末段的最后一句。因为各段的主题句往往在句首，而文章的最后一句很可能是概括总结。略读的目的是掌握短文的主旨大意，做到对全文的内容心中大致有数，有一个思考的方向。
第二步：浏览问题，有的放矢
浏览5个问题，揣测出题者出此题的目的并侧重阅读短文相关部分。由于对所问问题及文章主旨都已了解，在阅读时自然会知道哪些地方得细读哪些地方可一带而过甚至跳过不读。所有问题都是根据文章内容提出的，基本反映并覆盖了文章的主要内容。
先阅读问题再阅读全文，这种方法的优点是：可在较短的时间内有针对性地阅读相关内容，便于给相关问题定位，有的放矢，事半功倍。
第三步：分析判断，确定答案
在完成上面两步的基础上，对5个问题逐一解答。需要注意的是：要是文章内容涉及自己熟悉的题材和知识范畴，在选项时绝对不能单凭自己的主观判断解决问题。因为文章考的是你对该篇的阅读理解能力，而不是你的某种知识，因此选项不能脱离文章的题意。
对于阅读速度较慢的考生来说，建议不妨直接从第二步开始：先浏览所有5道题的题目，对文章所涉及的内容有个粗略的估计或了解，然后逐一解答。先寻读文章的相关部分，然后选择正确答案。如遇到有关文章主旨大意或需要推理的题，可先放一放，等做完其他题再做这类题。先难后易，各个击破。
此外，在阅读的过程中，不妨在自己认为比较重要的某些句子或词语(主题句，关键词)下面划线，标上符号，这样有助于突出重点，活跃思维，同时也便于阅读，节省时间，使阅读更加积极。并且对于记忆力稍差的考生而言，记住几个重要句子和信息要比记住全文容易得多了。所以，我们建议对阅读文章中的主要句子和关键词标出记号并重点阅读。
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展6）
——最新商业托福试题阅读中级备考训练
最新商业托福试题阅读中级备考训练1
女巫的超前思维
亲爱的经济学家：
Dear Economist,
有一个关于古罗马末代君王塔尔坎(Tarquin)的传说。一位老女巫走到塔尔坎面前，提出以高昂的价格卖给他9本预言书。塔尔坎对这一提议不以为然。女巫烧毁了其中的3本书，然后提出以原价卖给他剩下的6本。塔尔坎再次拒绝了。
There is a legend about the last king of the Romans, Tarquin. An old witch came to Tarquin, and offered to sell him nine books of prophecy at an exorbitant price. Tarquin laughed at the offer. The witch burned three of the books, and then offered to sell him the remaining six for the original price. Tarquin refused again.
女巫又烧毁了3本，然后同样以最初9本的价格向塔尔坎出售剩下的.3本。这一次，塔尔坎担心自己可能会错失一些宝贵的东西，于是以女巫索要的价格买下了剩余3本书。这反映了什么样的需求曲线呢?
The witch burned three more books and offered to sell Tarquin the three books that were left for the original price that she had demanded for nine. This time Tarquin was scared that he might be losing something precious, and bought the remaining three books for the price that the witch asked. What sort of demand curve is that?
克里斯·麦克马洪(Chris McMahon)通过电子邮件发送
Chris McMahon, by e-mail
亲爱的麦克马洪：
Dear Mr McMahon,
忘掉需求曲线吧;这是一个关于经济盈余分配的两方谈判。塔尔坎始终愿意出高价，但同时希望能够还价。女预言家("女巫"听上去让人不太舒服)则用限制供应的方法来应对，意在推升价格。
Forget the demand curve; this is a two-player negotiation over the division of economic surplus. Tarquin was always willing to pay a high price but hoped to get a bargain. The sibyl ("witch" is such an uncouth label) responded with a sup* constriction designed to drive up the price.
塔尔坎可能会认为，这个女预言家只有一位竞争性买家，如果每位买家都只想要3本书的话，这将形成供过于求的局面。而一旦出现两位买家只有3本书可买的情况，塔尔坎明白，他正面临严峻的局面，因而抢先报出了价格。
Tarquin might have thought that the sibyl had just one rival buyer, and if each buyer wanted only one trilogy, that would be a sup* glut. Once there was only one trilogy available for two buyers, Tarquin knew he was in a serious auction and made a pre-emptive offer.
还有一种可能性是，女预言家正在解决一个所谓的持久垄断的问题。塔尔坎知道，女预言家可能会以高价向他出售3本书，然后再回头以低价出售另外3本或6本。而通过烧毁6本书，女预言家让自己能够提出一个真正要不要随你的出价。这是一种超前思维，但话说回来，她本来就是在推销预言。
Another possibility is that the sibyl was dealing with the so- called durable monopoly problem. Tarquin knew that the sibyl might sell him an expensive trilogy, and then come back later with a cut- price offer to buy a second or third. By destroying two trilogies, the sibyl enabled herself to make a credible, take-it-or-leave-it offer. Forward-thinking stuff, but then, she was flogging prophecies.
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展7）
——最新英语专八模拟翻译题训练
最新英语专八模拟翻译题训练1
原文：
The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome ( it was before the time of railways ) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena they had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun’s beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars
译文：
老太太总以自家花园里那棵高大的玫瑰树为荣.她非常喜欢告诉别人,数年前她初次结婚时从罗马带回来的枝条,是如何长成如今这般高大的.那时,她与丈夫乘马车从罗马旅行归来(那时还没有火车),途经锡耶那南部的崎岖路段时,马车坏了,他们被迫就宿于路边的小屋里.住宿条件当然非常差;她一夜未能安眠,一早便起身穿好衣服,立于窗前,感受着扑面而来的席席凉风,等待着黎明的到来.事隔多年,她仍然记得那情景.明月高悬在青山群峦之上.远处山峰上的小镇逐渐明亮起来,月亮慢慢消退,晨曦把群山涂得粉红.突然之间,一束阳光照亮了城镇.城里的窗户相继明亮起来,反射出耀眼的光芒.最后,整个小城宛若繁星,在天空中不停闪烁.
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展8）
——经典散文的英语翻译
经典散文的英语翻译1
秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北*来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。
Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. In North China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy. To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping.
江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间， 混混沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开、半醉 的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。
There is of course autumn in the South too, but over there plants wither slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, and it is more often rainy than windy. While muddling along all by myself among theurban dwellers of Suzhou, Shanghai, Xianmen, Hong Kong or Guangzhou, I feel nothing but a little chill in the air, without ever relishing to my heart’s content the flavour, colour, mood and style of the season. Unlike famous flowers which are most attractive when half opening, good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, however, is best appreciated in itsentirety.
不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。在南方每年到了秋天，总要想起陶然亭的芦花，钓`鱼台的柳影，西山的虫唱，玉泉的夜月，潭柘寺的钟声。在北*即使不 出门去吧，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐，你也能看得到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。 从槐树叶底，朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光，或在破壁腰中，静对着像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）的蓝朵，自然而然地也能够感觉到十分的秋意。说到了牵牛花， 我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳，紫黑色次之，淡红色最下。最好，还要在牵牛花底，教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草，使作陪衬。
It is more than a decade since I last saw autumn in North. When I am in the South, the arrival of each autumn will put me in mind of Peiping’s Tao Ran Ting with its reed catkins, Diao Yu Tai with its shady willow trees, Western Hills with their chirping insects, Yu Quan Shan Mountain on a moonlight evening and Tan Zhe Si with its reverbrating bell. Suppose you put up in a humblerented house inside the bustling imperial city, you can, on getting up at dawn, sit in yourcourtyard sipping a cup of strong tea, leisurely watch the high azure skies and listen to pigeons circling overhead. Saunter eastward under locust trees to closely observe streaks of sunlight filtering through their foliage, or quietly watch the trumpet-shaped blue flowers of morning glories climbing half way up a dilapidated wall, and an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you. As to morning glories, I like their blue or white flowers best, dark purple ones second best, and pink ones third best. It will be most desirable to have them set off by some tall thin grass planted underneath here and there.
北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀。像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊，早晨起来，会铺得满地。脚踏上去，声音也没有，气味也没有，只能感出 一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。扫街的在树影下一阵扫后，灰土上留下来的一条条扫帚的丝纹，看起来既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲，潜意识下并且还觉得有点儿落寞，古 人所说的梧桐一叶而天下知秋的遥想，大约也就在这些深沉的地方。
Locust trees in the North, as a decorative embellishment of nature, also associate us with autumn. On getting up early in the morning, you will find the ground strewn all over with flower-like pistils fallen from locust trees. Quiet and smellless, they feel tiny and soft underfoot. After a street cleaner has done the sweeping under the shade of the trees, you will discover countless lines left by his broom in the dust, which look so fine and quiet that somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you. The same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that a single fallen leaf from the wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumn’s presence.
秋蝉的衰弱的残声，更是北国的特产，因为北*处处全长着树，屋子又低，所以无论在什么地方，都听得见它们的啼唱。在南方是非要上郊外或山上去才听得到的。这秋蝉的嘶叫，在北方可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直像是家家户户都养在家里的家虫。
The sporadic feeble chirping of cicadas is especially characteristic of autumn in the North. Due to the abundance of trees and the low altitude of dwellings in Peiping, cicadas are audible in every nook and cranny of the city. In the South, however, one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills. Because of their ubiquitous shrill noise, these insects in Peiping seem to be living off every household like crickets or mice.
还有秋雨哩，北方的秋雨，也似乎比南方的下得奇，下得有味，下得更像样。
As for autumn rains in the North, they also seem to differ from those in the South, being more appealing, more temperate.
在灰沉沉的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息列索落地下起雨来了。一层雨过，云渐渐地卷向了西去，天又晴了，太阳又露出脸来了，着着很厚的青布单衣或 夹袄的都市闲人，咬着烟管，在雨后的斜桥影里，上桥头树底下去一立，遇见熟人，便会用了缓慢悠闲的声调，微叹着互答着地说：
A sudden gust of cool wind under the slaty sky, and raindrops will start pitter-pattering. Soon when the rain is over, the clouds begin gradually to roll towards the west and the sun comes out in the blue sky. Some idle townsfolk, wearing lined or unlined clothing made of thick cloth, will come out pipe in mouth and, loitering under a tree by the end of a bridge, exchange leisurely conversation with acquaintances with a slight touch of regret at the passing of time:
"可不是吗？一层秋雨一层凉了！"
"Oh, real nice and cool."
北方的果树，到秋天，也是一种奇景。第一是枣子树，屋角，墙头，茅房边上，灶房门口，它都会一株株地长大起来。像橄榄又像鸽蛋似的这枣子颗儿，在 小椭圆形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期，等枣树叶落，枣子红完，西北风就要起来了，北方便是沙尘灰土的世界，只有这枣子、柿子、葡萄，成熟到八九分的七八月之交，是北国的清秋的佳日，是一年之中最好也没有的Golden Days。
Fruit trees in the North also make a wonderful sight in autumn. Take jujube tree for example. They grow everywhere - around the corner of a house, at the foot of a wall, by the side of a latrine or outside a kitchen door. It is at the height of autumn that jujubes, shaped like dates or pigeon eggs, make their appearance in a light yellowish-green amongst tiny elliptic leaves. By the time when they have turned ruddy and the leaves fallen, the north-westerly wind will begin to reignsupreme and make a dusty world of the North. Only at the turn of July and August when jujubes, persimmons, grapes are 80-90 percent ripe will the North have the best of autumn - the golden days in a year.
有些批评家说，中国的文人学士，尤其是诗人，都带着很浓厚的颓废的色彩，所以中国的诗文里，赞颂秋的文字的特别的"多。但外国的诗人，又何尝不然？ 我虽则外国诗文念的不多，也不想开出帐来，做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞，但你若去一翻英德法意等诗人的集子，或各国的诗文的Anthology来，总能够看到许 多并于秋的歌颂和悲啼。各著名的大诗人的长篇田园诗或四季诗里，也总以关于秋的部分。写得最出色而最有味。足见有感觉的动物，有情趣的人类，对于秋，总是 一样地特别能引起深沉，幽远、严厉、萧索的感触来的。不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，我想也一定能感到一种不能自已的深情，秋之于人， 何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别呢？不过在中国，文字里有一个“秋士”的成语，读本里又有着很普遍的欧阳子的《秋声》与苏东坡的《赤壁赋》等，就觉得 中国的文人，与秋和关系特别深了，可是这秋的深味，尤其是中国的秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受得到底。
Some literary critics say that Chinese literati, especially poets, are mostly disposed to be decadent, which accounts for predominance of Chinese works singing the praises of autumn. Well, the same is true of foreign poets, isn’t it? I haven’t read much of foreign poetry and prose, nor do I want to enumerate autumn-related poems and essays in foreign literature. But, if you browse through collected works of English, German, French or Italian poets, or various countries’ anthologies of poetry or prose, you can always comes across a great many literary pieces eulogizing or lamenting autumn. Long pastoral poems or songs about the four seasons byrenowned poets are mostly distinguished by beautiful moving lines on autumn. All that goes to show that all live creatures and sensitive humans alike are prone to the feeling of depth,remoteness, severity and bleakness. Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves. Autumn treats all humans alike, regardless of nationality, race or class. However, judging from Chinese idiom qiushi (autumn scholar, meaning and aged scholar grieving over frustrations in his life) and frequent selection in textbooks of Ouyang Xiu’s On the Autumn Sough and Su Dongpo’s On the Red Cliff, Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded. But, to know the real flavour of autumn, especiallyChina’s autumn, one has to visit the North.
南国之秋，当然也是有它的特异的地方的，比如廿四桥的明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普陀山的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等，可是色彩不浓，回味不永。比起北国的秋来，正像是黄酒之与白干，稀饭之与馍馍，鲈鱼之与大蟹，黄犬之与骆驼。
Autumn in the South also has its unique features, such as the moonlit Ershisi Bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at the Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo Mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay. But they all lack strong colour and lingering flavour. Southern autumn is to Northern autumn what yellow rice wine is to kaoliang wine, congee to steamed buns, perches to crabs, yellow dogs to camels.
秋天，这北国的秋天，若留得住的话，我愿把寿命的三分之二折去，换得一个三分之一的零头。
Autumn, I mean Northern autumn, if only it could be made to last forever! I would be more than willing to keep but one-third of my life-span and have two-thirds of it bartered for the prolonged stay of the season!
一九三四年八月，在北*。
August 1934, in Beiping.
英语翻译中级口译阅读原文真题训练（扩展9）
——英语六级翻译训练题
英语六级翻译训练题1
原文：
春节是中国人一年中的第一个传统佳节。过去，春节被称为“新年”，因为按照中国一直沿用的农历，这天是正月初一，为新一年的开头。据记载，中国人民过春节已有4000多年的历史，它是由虞舜兴起的`。公元前两千多年的一天，舜即天子位，带领着部下人员，祭拜天地。从此，人们就把这一天当作岁首，算是正月初一。据说这就是农历新年的由来，后来叫春节。1911年辛亥革命后，中国采用公历纪年，农历新年便改称“春节”。
参考译文：
Spring Festival is the first traditional festival for the Chinese people. In the past years, Spring Festival was called “new year”, for this day was the first day of the lunar month according to the lunar calendar which had long been used in China, so it was the beginning of a new year. It is recorded that Chinese people have celebrated Spring Festival for more than 4000 years, which was started by Yu Shun. One day as far back as 2000 B.C, Shun was inaugurated as the emperor. He led his men to hold a ceremony in honor of Heaven and Earth. From then on, people saw that day as the beginning of the year, i.e. the first day of the lunar month. This is said to be the origin of the lunar new year, which was called Spring Festival later. After the Revolution of 1911, China began to number the years according to the Gregorian calendar, and it was then that the lunar new year began to be called Spring Festival.
